The Influence of the Independent Learning Program Policy on the Development of Soft Skills of Office Administration Education Students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70188/f4tv4f15Keywords:
Independent learning program policy, soft skills, office administrationAbstract
The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia strives to increase the relevance of higher education to the needs of the world of work through the implementation of the independent campus learning program policy. The objectives of this study are as follows: (1) explaining the policy of the free campus learning program and the development of students' soft skills; (2) to measure how much the policy affects the development of students' soft skills at the Faculty of Office Administration FIS-H UNM. To achieve this goal, a quantitative research method, specifically an associative type of research, is used. To achieve the research objectives, data was collected through observation, questionnaires, and documentation. The population in this study amounted to 153 students, with a total of 110 students taken as samples using the propotione stratified random sampling technique. The data obtained from the results of the research were processed using descriptive analysis techniques and inferential analysis techniques to determine the influence of the independent learning program policy on the development of soft skills of students of Office Administration Education FIS-H UNM. The results of the research in chapter IV show that (1) the policy of the independent learning program affects the development of soft skills of students of Office Administration Education FIS-H UNM. (2) The correlation coefficient was obtained of 0.652 which shows that the relationship between the policy of the independent learning program of the independent campus and the development of soft skills is strong. The determination coefficient was obtained as 0.424 meaning 42.4%, which shows that the influence of the independent campus learning program policy on the development of soft skills of FIS-H UNM Office Administration Education students is 42.4% (assuming that other factors are constant).
Downloads
References
Agbaria, Q. (2020). Classroom Management Skills among Kindergarten Teachers as related to Emotional Intelligence and Self-Efficacy. International Journal of Instruction, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.29333/IJI.2021.14160A
Asad, M. M., & Anwar, K. (2025). Influence of artificial intelligence on students’ career competencies and career resources: a global perspective. 42(4), 366–391. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-05-2024-0091
Avolio, B. J., Kahai, S., & Dodge, G. E. (2000). E-leadership: Implications for theory, research, and practice. Leadership Quarterly, 11(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/s1048-9843(00)00062-x
Barseli, M., Sembiring, K., Ifdil, I., & Fitria, L. (2019). The concept of student interpersonal communication. JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia), 4(2). https://doi.org/10.29210/02018259
Buckman, R. (2002). Communications and emotions: Skills and effort are key. Bmj, Vol. 325, p. 672. British Medical Journal Publishing Group.
Daggett, W. R. (2010). Preparing students for their technological future. International Center for Leadership in Education, 1, 14.
England, T. K., Nagel, G. L., & Salter, S. P. (2020). Using collaborative learning to develop students’ soft skills. Journal of Education for Business, 95(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/08832323.2019.1599797
Feraco, T., Resnati, D., Fregonese, D., Spoto, A., & Meneghetti, C. (2023). An integrated model of school students’ academic achievement and life satisfaction. Linking soft skills, extracurricular activities, self-regulated learning, motivation, and emotions. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 38(1), 109–130. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10212-022-00601-4
Fuchshuber, P., & Greif, W. (2022). Creating Effective Communication and Teamwork for Patient Safety. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94610-4_23
Gandolfi, F., & Stone, S. (2018). Leadership, Leadership Styles, and Servant Leadership. Journal of Management Research, 18(4).
Gapinski, A. J. (2018). Assessment of Effectiveness of Teamwork Skills Learning in Collaborative Learning. Journal of Management & Engineering Integration, 11(2).
Gunarso, G., Sandra, L., & Yap, M. (2023). Determinants for participation in independent learning policy and independent campus programs. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 12(3), 1507–1519.
Guo, P., Saab, N., Post, L. S., & Admiraal, W. (2020). A review of project-based learning in higher education: Student outcomes and measures. International Journal of Educational Research, 102, 101586.
Hebles, M., Yaniz-Álvarez-de-Eulate, C., & Jara, M. (2019). Impact of cooperative learning on teamwork competence. Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración, 32(1), 93–106.
Howard, M. C., & Gutworth, M. B. (2020). A meta-analysis of virtual reality training programs for social skill development. Computers & Education, 144, 103707.
Irikefe, P. O. (2023). Entrepreneurial Education and Entrepreneurship: The Mediating Role of Social Skills in University Students. academia.edu. Retrieved from
Jackson, M., & Shenton, A. K. (2010). Independent learning areas and student learning. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 42(4), 215–223.
Johnston, C. H. (1911). Communications and discussions: The study of education. 2(10), 569–574. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0070112
Kania, I. (2022). The effectiveness of the implementation of the independent learning program-independent campus in garut regency. INFLUENCE: International Journal of Science Review, 4(1), 271–277.
Kokotsaki, D., Menzies, V., & Wiggins, A. (2016). Project-based learning: A review of the literature. Improving Schools, 19(3), 267–277.
Larmer, J., Mergendoller, J., & Boss, S. (2015). Setting the standard for project based learning. Ascd.
Lee, C. C., Yeh, W. C., Yu, Z., & Lin, X. C. (2023). The relationships between leader emotional intelligence, transformational leadership, and transactional leadership and job performance: A mediator model of trust. Heliyon, 9(8). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18007
Li, J., Gao, M., & D’Agostino, R. (2019). Evaluating classification accuracy for modern learning approaches. Statistics in Medicine, 38(13), 2477–2503.
Marques, T. M. G. (2021). Research on Public Service Motivation and Leadership: A Bibliometric Study. International Journal of Public Administration, 44(7), 591–606. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2020.1741615
McLaren, H. (2019). Indonesian women in public service leadership: A rapid review. Social Sciences, Vol. 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci8110308
Mendonca, C. N., Kabalmay, R. N. K., & Amri, M. W. (2021). Developing Technical and Social Competencies for Future-Ready Education in Digitally Mediated Labor Environments. Journal of Social Science Studies, 1(2), 259–266.
Molina, R. J. R. (2019). Relationship between social intelligence and resonant leadership in public health institutions. Opcion, 35(90), 1223–1249. Retrieved from
Muammar, O. M., & Alhamad, K. A. (2023). Soft Skills of Students in University: How Do Higher Education Institutes Respond to 21st Century Skills Demands? Journal of Educational and Social Research, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2023-0041
Muhibbin, A., Patmisari, P., Naidu, N. B. M., Prasetiyo, W. H., & Hidayat, M. L. (2023). An analysis of factors affecting student wellbeing: Emotional intelligence, family and school environment. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 12(4). https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v12i4.25670
Naila, I., Jatmiko, B., & Sudibyo, E. (2020). … students’ collaborative and entrepreneurship skills using science student worksheet based on project learning. Advances in Social Science, Education ….
Nothhaft, H. (2010). Communication management as a second-order management function: Roles and functions of the communication executive – results from a shadowing study. 14(2), 127–140. https://doi.org/10.1108/13632541011034583
Peters, O. (2012). The transformation of the university into an institution of independent learning. In Changing university teaching (pp. 10–23). Routledge.
Petrovici, A., & Dobrescu, T. (2014). The role of emotional intelligence in building interpersonal communication skills. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 1405–1410.
Rachman, A., Setiawan, M. A., & Putro, H. Y. S. (2022). The implementation of independent learning-independent campus in the Guidance and Counseling study program. Bisma The Journal of Counseling, 6(1), 56–65.
Rahma Wati, D. I. (2023). The Effect of Student Participation in Student Organizations on Soft Skills Development: A Case Study at UINSU. AMK : Abdi Masyarakat UIKA, 2(4). https://doi.org/10.32832/amk.v2i4.2100
Reshetnikov, V. A. (2020). Leadership and Emotional Intelligence: Current Trends in Public Health Professionals Training. Frontiers in Public Health, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2019.00413
Rezaei, A., & Mousanezhad Jeddi, E. (2020). Relationship between wisdom, perceived control of internal states, perceived stress, social intelligence, information processing styles and life satisfaction among college students. Current Psychology, 39(3), 927–933. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-9804-z
Saleh, S., Lala, L., & Darwis, Muh. (2023). The Influence of Internships on the Development of Soft Skills of Office Administration Education Students. Pinisi Journal of Education and Management, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.26858/pjoem.v2i1.46235
Sancho-Thomas, P., Fuentes-Fernández, R., & Fernández-Manjón, B. (2009). Learning teamwork skills in university programming courses. Computers & Education, 53(2), 517–531.
Sattarova, U., Groot, W., & Arsenijević, J. (2020). Modern learning approaches in higher education: A review of the literature. Zbornik Instituta Za Pedagoska Istrazivanja, 52(2), 418–478.
Spivakovsky, A., Petukhova, L., Kotkova, V., & Yurchuk, Y. (2019). Historical Approach to Modern Learning Environment. ICTERI Workshops, 1011–1024.
Strom, P. S., & Strom, R. D. (2011). Teamwork skills assessment for cooperative learning. Educational Research and Evaluation, 17(4), 233–251.
Sulianta, F. (2018). Panduan Lengkap Pengembangan Soft Skill: Interpersonal & Intrapersonal Skill. Yogyakarta: Andi Yogyakarta.
Tadjer, H., Lafifi, Y., Seridi-Bouchelaghem, H., & Gülseçen, S. (2022). Improving soft skills based on students’ traces in problem-based learning environments. Interactive Learning Environments, 30(10). https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2020.1753215
Ubfal, D., Arraiz, I., Beuermann, D. W., Frese, M., Maffioli, A., & Verch, D. (2022). The impact of soft-skills training for entrepreneurs in Jamaica. World Development, 152, 105787.
Vahedi, Z., Zannella, L., & Want, S. C. (2021). Students’ use of information and communication technologies in the classroom: Uses, restriction, and integration. Active Learning in Higher Education, 22(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/1469787419861926
Valente, S., Lourenço, A. A., Alves, P., & Dominguez-Lara, S. (2020). The role of the teacher’s emotional intelligence for efficacy and classroom management. Revista CES Psicologia, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.21615/CESP.13.2.2
van Hout-Wolters, B., Simons, R.-J., & Volet, S. (2000). Active learning: Self-directed learning and independent work. In New learning (pp. 21–36). Springer.
Wang, Y., & Wang, Y. (2012). Education in a changing world: Flexibility, skills, and employability (Vol. 69104). World Bank Washington, DC.
Wayan Agus Gunada, I., Nyoman Harnika, N., Kerti Nitiasih, P., Wayan Ria Lestari, N., & Ratna Kamala Sari Lukman, D. (2024). Character of Educational Leadership: A Critical Educational Study of Leadership in Local Wisdom. KnE Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v9i2.14945
Xu, J., & Choi, M.-C. (2023). Can Emotional Intelligence Increase the Positive Psychological Capital and Life Satisfaction of Chinese University Students? Behavioral Sciences, 13(7), 614. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13070614
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Administration and Education (IJAE)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
![](<img src="https://www.clipartmax.com/png/middle/38-383641_open-access-logo-plos-transparent-open-access-logo.png" alt="Open Access Logo Plos Transparent - Open Access Logo@clipartmax.com">){kind=spacer}
